KAMA
Kaufman's Adaptive Moving Average adjusts its sensitivity based on market volatility.
Visual Example

Synthetic ideal per library logic. Generated 2026-07-01 IST via docs/generate_all_previews.py (reproducible; maps to core Next<T> implementation).
Description
Kaufman's Adaptive Moving Average adjusts its sensitivity based on market volatility.
Use as an adaptive moving average that is fast in trending markets and slow in choppy, sideways conditions. Reduces whipsaws that plague fixed-period moving averages in ranging markets.
Native Rust implementation with gold-standard or TA-Lib parity tests where applicable.
Perry Kaufman designed KAMA using an Efficiency Ratio that measures how directionally price has moved versus total path length. A high ratio (strong trend) produces a fast-reacting EMA; a low ratio (choppy market) produces a near-flat line, dramatically reducing false signals during consolidation. — New Trading Systems and Methods, 4th ed.
Typical applications:
- Trend filter or signal line for systematic entries
- Default lookback
10— tune per asset volatility - Cross with faster oscillator for entry timing
- Streaming and Polars paths are bit-identical for production parity
QuantWave implements this via the universal Next<T> trait — bit-identical across Rust streaming, Python streaming, and Polars .ta() batch plugins.
Formula / Specification
Implementation (quantwave-core/src/indicators/kama.rs):
[ ER = \frac{|Price - Price_{t-n}|}{\sum |Price - Price_{t-1}|} ] [ SC = [ER(FastSC - SlowSC) + SlowSC]^2 ] [ KAMA = KAMA_{t-1} + SC(Price - KAMA_{t-1}) ]
Gold-standard parity vectors: quantwave-core/tests/gold_standard/kama.json.
Parameters
| Parameter | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|
period |
10 | Efficiency Ratio lookback period |
fast_period |
2 | Fastest smoothing period |
slow_period |
30 | Slowest smoothing period |
Usage Examples
Streaming (Rust)
use quantwave_core::indicators::KAMA;
use quantwave_core::traits::Next;
let mut ind = KAMA::new(10);
for price in &prices {
let value = ind.next(price);
}
Streaming (Python)
Polars Batch (Python)
import polars as pl
import quantwave # registers pl.col().ta
df = (
pl.read_csv('ohlcv.csv')
.lazy()
.with_columns(
pl.col("close").ta.kama(10).alias("kama")
)
.collect()
)
All surfaces are bit-identical via the single Next<T> implementation and proptests.
Edge Cases & Limitations
- Warm-up: first
10bars may return NaN or partial state per implementation. - Parameter sensitivity: smaller periods increase noise; larger periods increase lag.
- Sudden gaps or bad ticks can distort rolling windows — consider pre-filtering.
- Single-series indicators ignore volume unless otherwise documented.
- Validated via proptests against gold-standard vectors where available.
- No look-ahead bias; streaming and Polars batch paths are bit-identical.
Boundary Behavior
| Condition | Behavior |
|---|---|
| Warm-up | Leading bars return NaN until warmup_bars is satisfied. |
| period > len | When period exceeds series length, output is all NaN. |
| NaN inputs | NaN in input propagates to output (NaN out). |
| Invalid params | Non-positive period or missing required params raise ValueError. |
| Empty data | Empty input returns an empty result series. |
Related Indicators & See Also
Sources & References
Primary Source: https://stockcharts.com/school/doku.php?id=chart_school:technical_indicators:kaufman_s_adaptive_moving_average
Implementation: quantwave-core/src/indicators/kama.rs (KAMA / KAMA_METADATA).
Parity: quantwave-core/tests/gold_standard/kama.json
Provenance: Standards bulk upgrade 2026-07-01 IST — see docs/DOCUMENTATION_STANDARDS.md.